A BBC investigation found that Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces (RSF) carried out a systematic campaign against hospitals in el‑Fasher during the siege that began in May 2024 and continued through the city’s fall in October 2025.

The report identified at least 43 distinct attacks on hospitals and medical sites between May 2024 and October 2025, with several facilities hit multiple times.

BBC‑compiled data show that 120 health workers were injured, 55 were killed and 10 were abducted or disappeared between April 2023 and October 2025.

UN Human Rights chief Volker Türk called the findings “deeply disturbing,” noting that repeated attacks on civilian medical infrastructure breach international humanitarian law and may amount to war crimes.

RSF officials rejected the report, with Dr Alaa Eldin Nugud, health minister of the RSF‑backed administration, describing it as propaganda and a smear campaign orchestrated by Sudan’s army and its allies.

Surgeon Dr Muhamed Suliman, who served in el‑Fasher during the siege, said the RSF deliberately targeted hospitals to cripple the city’s health system, describing the attacks as planned and intense.

The city’s main Teaching Hospital was forced to relocate to the South Hospital, which endured repeated shelling in late May and early June 2024, including a major raid on 8 June that saw staff flee over the back wall.

After the South Hospital was overrun, staff moved equipment to the Saudi Maternity Hospital, which became the only functional health facility by October 2025 but continued to be struck up to 25 times in a single day with shells and precision‑guided drones.

Doctors reported that makeshift surgery sites were hit five times in 2025, including an incident where a surgeon was operating on a patient’s neck when an explosion shook the building.

The final assault on 25 October 2025 saw RSF storm the Saudi Hospital; the WHO reported satellite imagery of clusters of bodies and estimated more than 460 patients and companions killed, a claim the RSF denies.